To Deceive, one may try to Conceal (hide, camouflage) or Lie (make up something) or Exaggerate (amplify something truthful but irrelevant):

• Concealing causes Gaps and Inconsistencies
• Lying or Exaggeration makes Inconsistencies and Distractions occur
• Inconsistencies cause the target of deception to make more Observations, while Distractions cause the target to make fewer (relevant) Observations
• Observations in conjunction with Gaps or Inconsistencies trigger more Comparisons, which raise Suspicions
• Suspicions make the target undertake additional Observations, and cause the adversary to attempt additional Deception

(This causal-conceptional-connection-cartoon was sketched using LOOPY, an ultralight tool for systems thinking ©2021 MITRE Corporation ...) - ^z - 2021-09-03